Herb and Garden

Taxonomic Class
Zingiberaceae
Common Trade Names
Multi-ingredient preparations: Cayenne Ginger, Gingerall, Ginger Ease, Ginger Peppermint Combo, Ginger Power, Ginger Root Alcohol Free, Ginger Travel, low alcohol Misty Ginger Blend
Common forms
Capsules, liquid, powder: 100 mg, 465 mg
Extract: 250 mg
Root: 530 mg
Tablets (chewable): 67.5 mg Also available as tea.
Source
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a perennial plant that grows in India, Jamaica and China. The plant produces green-purple flowers, orchids are similar. The rhizome (root) is the underground station and is usually the most valuable part of the plant.
Chemical components
The root contains both volatile and nonvolatile. The volatile components, including gingerols and gingerol related compounds, are for flavor, ginger is thought to be responsible for the aromatic properties, and any pharmacological activity. The volatile oil contains zingiberol, zingeberene, curcumene farnesene, bis-Abol, sesquiphellandrene, and several monoterpenes (linalool, borneol, Neral, geraniol, and others). Compounds are present zingibain (proteolytic enzyme), oleoresins, fats, waxes, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
Stocks
Human studies have shown that ginger inhibits platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate and adrenaline. Other studies have shown a lack of effect on platelet aggregation. Ginger extracts have documented anti-inflammatory effects in rodent models. Specific components of ginger effects of CVs. Methanolic extracts of ginger positive inotropic effects in a guinea pig model shown.
Further studies in animals have shown that components of ginger may be gastroprotective against various chemical insults and stressors. The GI is the effect of protection also assumed to be due to increased mucosal resistance and better protection against chemicals or changes promoted prostaglandins, supply most of effects. A study of acetone extracts of mice that found similar stimulating effect on gastrointestinal motility, as has been seen with metoclopramide and domperidone.
Reported Uses
Claims for ginger include its use as an antiemetic, an anti-inflammatory useful for treating arthritis, an antioxidant, a drug antitumorigenic, a curriculum vitae, a stimulant, and a GI protective agents and as a treatment for microbial infections and infestations.
The antiemetic effect of ginger have been heavily in people for tomorrow, and seasickness, and studies the movement of post-operative nausea and vomiting, most of the results provided support for this action. Dosage and duration of treatment varies with each study. Antiemetic properties of ginger, probably due to local effects on the GI tract, rather than the central nervous system. Increased gastric peristalsis has been demonstrated in animals, but no mechanism in humans is speculative.
Ginger has provided relief of pain and swelling in patients with muscle pain, osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. A proposed mechanism is that it inhibits prostaglandins, thromboxane and leukotriene biosynthesis.
Dosage
Dosage forms and strengths vary with each stage of a disease. As an antiemetic, studies used 500 to 1,000 mg PO ground ginger, or 1000 mg of fresh ginger root PO
Adverse Reactions
CNS: CNS depression (with overdose).
CV: arrhythmias (in case of overdose).
GI: heartburn.
Interaction
Anticoagulants: increased risk of bleeding. Avoid administration of ginger.
Contraindications and precautions
Ginger is contraindicated in patients during pregnancy, the effects are not known. Some components of ginger are determined to be mutagenic, while others seem to play an antimutagenic effect. The net effect of these components is unknown. Use only under medical supervision in patients treated with anticoagulants, as it may affect bleeding time by inhibiting platelet function.
Special Considerations
Advise women to avoid excessive use of ginger in pregnancy.
Instruct the patient to watch for signs of bleeding when taking ginger.
There is no consensus regarding the dosage and monitoring.
Comment
Although some data support the use of ginger as an antiemetic in humans, several studies in conflict. Recommendation for the use of ginger as an antiemetic, an anti-inflammatory or gastroprotective against long-term, controlled, clinical pharmacology of its components were carried out is premature. Pregnant women should avoid excessive consumption of ginger may be understood until the impact of all its components.

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